Authors are invited to make a submission to this journal. All submissions will be assessed by an editor to determine whether they meet the aims and scope of this journal. Those considered to be a good fit will be sent for peer review before determining whether they will be accepted or rejected.

Before making a submission, authors are responsible for obtaining permission to publish any material included with the submission, such as photos, documents, and datasets. All authors identified on the submission must consent to be identified as an author.

Where appropriate, research should be approved by an appropriate ethics committee in accordance with the legal requirements of the study's country.

An editor may desk reject a submission if it does not meet minimum standards of quality. Before submitting, please ensure that the study design and research argument are structured and articulated properly.

The title should be concise and the abstract should be able to stand on its own. This will increase the likelihood of reviewers agreeing to review the paper.

When you are satisfied that your submission meets this standard, please follow the checklist below to prepare your submission.

Writing and Formatting

This journal accepts submission of editable source files for your entire submission, including figures, tables, and text graphics.

Title Page

The following format should be observed in the title page:

• Article Title: Article titles should be concise and informative. Avoid abbreviations and formulae unless they are widely understood.
• Author Names: Provide the given name(s) and family name(s) of each author. Ensure all names are accurately spelled.
• Affiliations: Add affiliation addresses below the author names and include full postal addresses and email addresses where available.
• Corresponding Author: Clearly indicate who will handle correspondence during and after publication.
• Present/Permanent Address: If an author has moved, indicate the present address using footnotes.

Abstract

The abstract should be a single paragraph without headings and should be between 200 and 250 words long.

It should clearly state:

• Background/Rationale
• Problem or Issues Examined
• Objectives/Research Questions/Hypotheses
• Methodology Used
• Results/Findings
• Conclusion
• Implications and Areas for Further Studies

The abstract should be single spaced, font size 12, Times New Roman, and written consistently in either British or American English.

The abstract should not be submitted to another journal.

Keywords

Authors are required to provide 3 to 5 keywords for indexing purposes.

• Keywords should be written in English.
• Avoid keywords consisting of multiple words where possible.
• Use abbreviations only if they are firmly established in the field.
• Keywords should be arranged alphabetically and separated with semicolons.

Example: writing; template; sixth; edition; self-discipline

Structural Body

The manuscript should contain the following sections:

• Introduction
• Related Literature
• Methodology
• Findings/Results
• Discussion
• Conclusion/Implications/Recommendations
• Acknowledgements
• Declarations
• References
• Appendices

Mathematics Formulae

• Submit mathematical equations as editable text, not images.
• Present simple formulae inline where possible.
• Use the solidus (/) instead of horizontal fractions for small fractional terms.
• Present variables in italics.
• Denote powers of e by exp.
• Display equations separately and number them consecutively.

Tables

• Tables must be submitted as editable text, not images.
• Place tables next to relevant text or at the end of the article.
• Cite all tables in the manuscript text.
• Number tables consecutively.
• Provide captions for all tables.
• Avoid vertical rules and shading within table cells.

Figures, Images, and Artwork

• Number images according to their appearance in the article.
• Provide captions for all figures and images.
• Do not use Generative AI tools to create or alter images.

Declaration

All manuscripts must contain the following sections under the heading “Declaration”:

Funding

State whether and by whom the research was supported.

Conflict of Interest / Competing Interests

Declare all financial and non-financial competing interests.

Availability of Data and Materials

All manuscripts must include an availability statement indicating where supporting data can be found.

• The datasets generated during the current study are available in the named repository.
• The datasets are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
• All data are included in the published article and supplementary files.

Acknowledgements

Include individuals who provided assistance during the research, such as language editing or proofreading.

Acknowledgements should appear in a separate section directly before the reference list.

Appendices

• Identify appendices using letters such as A, B, etc.
• Number equations, tables, and figures separately within appendices.

Citing and References

• All references cited in the article must appear in the reference list.
• Do not include unpublished results in the reference list.
• Verify all reference details before submission.
• Use Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) where available.
• Use APA 7th Edition referencing style throughout the manuscript.

After Receiving a Final Decision

All papers will be subjected to double-blind peer review. Evaluation considers relevancy, structure, research methods, ethical conduct, language standard, innovativeness, references, hypotheses, result presentation, proficiency, formatting, and other scholarly factors.